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موضوع: مطالب مقدماتی درباره ی راه اندازی یک سرور لینوکس

  1. #1
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    Question مطالب مقدماتی درباره ی راه اندازی یک سرور لینوکس

    با سلام خدمت همه ی اساتید و دوستان.

    نمی دونم سوالم رو جای درستی می پرسم یا نه .

    من یه سرور دارم که می خوام قابلیت های زیر رو روی اون راه اندازی کنم :


    1. مشخص کردن قابلیت‌های اولیه: مدیریت پکیج‌ها، تنظیمات شبکه و DHCP، مدیریت از راه دور (remote administration)، احراز هویت در شبکه network authentication ، دی ان اس ، و موارد مربوط به امنیت (کاربران، فایروال، ...)
    2. مشخص کردن چند کاربرد خاص: سرور پست الکترونیک، وب سرور، سرور پایگاه داده، ابزارهای ویکی، فایل سرور، ...
    3. پشتیبان‌گیری از سیستم، به‌روز کردن سرور برای نسخه‌های جدید، ...


    سوالم اینه که از کجا باید شروع کنم ؟ اطلاعات جزئی نمی خوام فقط یه سری کلیدواژه بهم بدید. خودم خیلی سرچ کردم ولی خوب چون با کار آشنایی ندارم نتونستم مطالب مربوطه رو استخراج کنم.

    راستی اینم بگم که همه ی اینا رو می خوام روی یکی از توزیع های لینوکس انجام بدم.

  2. # ADS




     

  3. #2
    عضو انجمن Kian آواتار ها
    تاریخ عضویت
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    پیش فرض پاسخ : مطالب مقدماتی درباره ی راه اندازی یک سرور لینوکس

    یکی از بهترین کارها نصب لینوکس Centos v6 و نصب و کانفیگ امنیتی صحیح یک کنترل پنل حرفه ای مانند پلسک - دایرکت آدمین و یا سی پنل و در کنار آن نصب یک پلاگین فایروال مانند csf و ... هست که بیشتر موارد درخواستی شما را تامین خواهد کرد
    ویرایش توسط Kian : January 25th, 2013 در ساعت 01:08
    باران که می بارد تو می آیی --*-- باران گل، باران نیلوفر
    باران مهر و ماه و آئینه --*-- باران شعر و شبنم و شبدر

  4. تعداد تشکر ها از Kian به دلیل پست مفید


  5. #3
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    پیش فرض پاسخ : مطالب مقدماتی درباره ی راه اندازی یک سرور لینوکس

    نقل قول نوشته اصلی توسط Kian نمایش پست ها
    یکی از بهترین کارها نصب لینوکس Centos v6 و نصب و کانفیگ امنیتی صحیح یک کنترل پنل حرفه ای مانند پلسک - دایرکت آدمین و یا سی پنل و در کنار آن نصب یک پلاگین فایروال مانند csf و ... هست که بیشتر موارد درخواستی شما را تامین خواهد کرد
    میشه بفرمایید با کنترل پنل (حالا هر کدوم که باشه) دقیقا چه کارهایی رو می شه انجام داد ؟

  6. #4
    عضو انجمن Kian آواتار ها
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    پیش فرض پاسخ : مطالب مقدماتی درباره ی راه اندازی یک سرور لینوکس

    اکثر امکاناتی که توسط کنترل پنل پیشرفته ای مانند سی پنل در اختیار شما جهت مدیریت یک سرور لینوکس برای راه اندازی وب هاستینگ قرار میگیرد در لینک زیر لیست شده اند البته کنترل پنل های دیگر هم مشابه همین امکانات را دارند :

    Full Feature List | cPanel, Inc.
    باران که می بارد تو می آیی --*-- باران گل، باران نیلوفر
    باران مهر و ماه و آئینه --*-- باران شعر و شبنم و شبدر

  7. تعداد تشکر ها از Kian به دلیل پست مفید


  8. #5
    عضو جدید
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    پیش فرض پاسخ : مطالب مقدماتی درباره ی راه اندازی یک سرور لینوکس

    این ویژگی هایی که گفته شده همون طور که خودتون هم فرمودید بیشتر برای مدیریت میزبانی وب هستش ولی این فقط یکی از کارهاییه که من می خوام با سرور انجام بدم. مثلا برای سرور پست الکترونیک چطور ؟( یه سری کاربر بتونن ایمیل داشته باشن و با استفاده از این سرور ایمیل بفرستند و دریافت کنن چطور ؟)

  9. #6
    عضو انجمن Kian آواتار ها
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    پیش فرض پاسخ : مطالب مقدماتی درباره ی راه اندازی یک سرور لینوکس

    WHM Features

    Server Configuration

    The start-up wizard should properly assist you in configuring your server when you first install cPanel & WHM. However, if you need to change any of the configuration options, you can do so by accessing the Server Configuration icon located on the home screen.

    • Basic cPanel & WHM Setup This feature allows you to configure some basic options for cPanel & WHM. You can specify contact information, nameservers, and more.
    • Change Root Password This feature allows you to change the root password of your web server without the old password.
    • Initial Quota Setup This feature initializes a scan to ensure disk quotas are being used where your cPanel users store their files.
    • Server Time This feature allows you to set your server’s time zone and synchronize its time with the time server. Your server’s time needs to synchronize with the time server for your license to work.
    • Statistics Software Configuration This area of WHM allows you to view information about your server’s statistics and statistics software.
    • Tweak Settings On this page, you can configure a number of settings related to the functionality of cPanel, WHM, and associated services.
    • Update Preferences This feature allows you to define an update configuration for WHM and cPanel. For example, you can specify whether you would like the interfaces to update automatically or manually.
    • Hook Management This feature allows developers to manage the standardized hooks that already exist on your server via the user interface. Advanced users can still utilize the command line to manage hooks.

    Support

    This area of WHM allows you to determine how your customers will contact you for support, and provides cPanel and WHM support for you.

    • Nameserver IPs This feature allows you to add and remove nameserver IP addresses on your server. This is useful if you need to modify the nameserver configuration you already set up using the Basic cPanel & WHM Setup screen. This feature was moved to the DNS Functions section of the WHM interface. When you click the link, you will be redirected to its new location.
    • Configure Customer Contact Using this feature, you can specify how your customers should contact you with support requests.
    • Support Center The Support Center offers a number of links for accessing cPanel & WHM support features. Change Hostname
    • Resolver Configuration This feature allows you access to a configuration wizard for editing the /etc/resolv.conf file. This file will contain the names of the nameservers that your server will query in order to convert, or‚ “resolve” domain names into IP addresses.

    Networking Setup

    This section of the WHM interface can be used to configure your server for use on the Internet.

    • Change Hostname This feature allows you to change your server’s hostname.
    • Nameserver IPs This feature allows you to add and remove nameserver IP addresses on your server. This is useful if you need to modify the nameserver configuration you already set up using the Basic cPanel & WHM Setup screen. This feature was moved to the DNS Functions section of the WHM interface.
    • Resolver Configuration This feature allows you access to a configuration wizard for editing the /etc/resolv.conf file. This file will contain the names of the nameservers that your server will query in order to convert, or “resolve,” domain names into IP addresses.

    Security Center

    Using the security functions, you are able to better secure your server. You may fix any insecurities with SuEXEC or CGI, as well as manage SSH keys, users, and more.

    • Apache mod_userdir Tweak The mod_userdir feature provides the ability to view websites on your server by typing your hostname followed by a tilde and the website owner’s username. (Example: http://host.example.com/~username) Restricting this type of access is desirable, as it allows users to circumvent bandwidth limits.
    • Compiler Access Many common attacks require a working C or C++ compiler on the server. Disabling these compilers will result in a more secure server.
    • Configure Security Policies This interface allows you to configure security measures for your server and your account.
    • cPHulk Brute Force Protection Brute force is an attack (hacking) method that involves using an automated system to guess the password to your web server or services. cPHulk helps defend your server against such attacks.
    • Fix Insecure Permissions (Scripts) This feature scans and fixes any security issues with SuEXEC or CGI permissions.
    • Host Access Control Use this feature to deny access to services by IP address.
    • Manage root’s SSH Keys This feature allows you to control existing SSH keys on your web server. You may also add and import new SSH keys to your server. When managing your keys, you will find they are divided into public and private key sets on 2 separate lists.
    • Manage Wheel Group Users The wheel group contains specific users who are able to execute the su command. This command allows the user to gain “root” or “superuser” access.
    • Password Strength Configuration This feature lets you define minimum strength passwords for all of cPanel’s authenticated features.
    • PHP open_basedir Tweak To improve security, you may wish to prevent users from using PHP to open files outside of their home directory.
    • Quick Security Scan This feature disables operating system-level services that are not necessary for your web server.
    • Scan for Trojan Horses This feature scans system files that have been modified by something other than cPanel or the server’s operating system. It is recommended that you investigate these files to ensure they have not been injected with malicious code.
    • Security Questions This feature allows you to define and manage security questions. Security questions are used whenever an attempt to log in is made from an unrecognized IP address.
    • Shell Fork Bomb Protection This feature will prevent users with terminal access (SSH or Telnet) from using up the system’s resources and potentially crashing your web server via a malicious attack known as a fork bomb. Fork bombs work by starting a cascade of small processes that duplicate themselves until the server’s resources are depleted.
    • SMTP Tweak You may want to prevent users from bypassing your mail server to send mail. This is common practice for spammers. Use this feature to configure your server so that the mail transport agent (MTA), Mailman mailing list software, and root user are the only accounts able to connect to remote SMTP servers.
    • SSH Password Authorization Tweak This feature allows you to tweak your SSH authentication by enabling or disabling passwords. If passwords are disabled, users will be forced to use keys when using SSH to access your server.
    • Traceroute Enable/Disable The traceroute utility is a network tool that can be used to determine the route taken by information (packets) sent across the Internet. This often is the first step in pinpointing weaknesses for mounting an attack.

    Server Contacts

    This set of features defines how you, the server’s administrator, should be contacted.

    • Change System Mail Preferences This feature allows you to define how mail should be handled for 3 key addresses. These key addresses are Root, Nobody, and cPanel.
    • Contact Manager This feature allows you to specify what kind of alerts will be sent, through what methods, and the priority status of each type of alert.

    Resellers

    This set of features allows you to access a list of your reseller accounts as well as a Reseller Center, where you are able to assign new reseller accounts and configure existing reseller accounts.

    • Change Ownership of an Account PICK Important: The functionality of this feature is now available at Modify Account Properties.
    • Change Ownership of Multiple Accounts This feature allows you to transfer multiple accounts to a reseller.
    • Edit Reseller Privileges & Nameservers This screen offers a number of configuration options for your reseller accounts. You are free to limit a reseller’s ability to create accounts and access various features. You may also confer root access, assign nameserver IP addresses for accounts created by the reseller, and add A entries for those addresses.
    • Email All Resellers Here, you can email all of your resellers simultaneously.
    • Manage Reseller’s IP Delegation Using this feature, you can disallow resellers from using certain IP addresses, or allow a reseller account to use any available IP.
    • Manage Reseller’s Main/Shared IP This feature allows you to specify an IP address that the reseller will use for setting up shared or “IPless” accounts.
    • Reseller Center This set of features allows you to add or remove reseller status on existing accounts. You are also capable of emailing resellers and configuring existing reseller accounts.
    • Reset Resellers This feature allows you to apply Account Creation Limits (ACLs) to resellers, or reset package permissions to default values.
    • Show Reseller Accounts When you click Show Reseller Accounts, WHM displays a list of reseller accounts you have created.
    • View Usage/Stats and Manage These features allow you to keep track of your resellers’ disk space and bandwidth usage. You can also use this set of features to suspend, unsuspend, and terminate reseller accounts.

    Service Configuration

    This feature enables you to configure a number of services. Services, most often, run as daemons in the background of your web server. Daemons often appear as processes whose names end with “d”; for example, sshd is the name of the SSH application.

    • Apache Configuration This collection of features allows you to configure Apache. Apache functions as your web server software, handling HTTP requests.
    • Bandmin Password Bandmin is a set of Perl scripts designed to monitor and log bandwidth usage by IP. You are able to access Bandmin by typing www.example.com/bandwidth into your web browser, where example.com is meant for your domain name.
    • Configure PHP and suEXEC This feature allows you to change Apache’s PHP handlers configuration, PHP version, and enable or disable the suEXEC program.
    • cPanel Log Rotation Configuration This feature allows you to decide which cPanel log files should be manipulated by cPanel’s cpanellogd daemon.
    • Exim Configuration Editor This is a set of features that will configure Exim. Exim is a mail transfer agent that is included with cPanel. Mail transfer agents are responsible for sending and receiving email messages. Each configuration option carries a descriptor in the interface. This description can be accessed by clicking the question mark next to the option.
    • FTP Server Selection This feature allows you to select an FTP server daemon to use, or to disable FTP.
    • FTP Server Configuration This feature allows you to tailor your FTP server’s behavior to your preferences.
    • Mailserver Configuration This set of features will let you configure the POP3and IMAP protocols used by Courier and Dovecot. Courier and Dovecot are the 2 mail servers offered by cPanel.
    • Mailserver Selection This feature allows you to choose whether you wish to enable Courier or Dovecot as your mail server. Additionally, you may disable IMAP and POP3 servers.
    • Manage Service SSL Certificates Using this interface in WHM, you are able to access a number of features to install new certificates to your web server or reset your server’s certifications (clear the certificates).
    • Nameserver Selection This feature allows you to select BIND or NSD as your nameserver software, or to disable the nameserver. It is recommended that you do not start your nameservers unless you plan to use them.
    • PHP Configuration Editor PHP is a scripting language that takes code as input to generate web pages. You are able to use the WHM interface to configure your PHP settings. Your users will be able to view this PHP information in their cPanel’s PHP Configuration section. There are 2 versions of the PHP configuration editor: a basic one that is opened by default when this feature is accessed, and an advanced editor that can be accessed by clicking the Switch to Advanced Mode button at the top of the screen.
    • Service Manager The Service Manager is a list of daemons that can run on your server. This feature allows you to select which daemons you would like to enable and which of the enabled daemons you would like to monitor.

    Locales

    This set of features offers several options for managing your application’s locales, which is cPanel & WHM’s new language system.

    • Application Locale Configuration This feature allows you to choose the language of the statistics software associated with each locale setting.
    • Copy a Locale This feature allows you to duplicate a locale into a standard locale or a non standard locale.
    • Delete a Locale This feature allows you to delete a locale.
    • Edit a Locale This feature provides three tools to help you edit a locale.
    • Locale XML Download This feature allows you download an existing locale (language) in XML format.
    • Locale XML Upload This feature allows you upload an existing locale (language) in XML format.
    • View Available Locales This interface allows you to view available locales, cross referenced against the themes in which they are available.

    Backup

    This set of features allows you to create backups of your server’s configuration and content. These backups can be used at a later time to restore data on your server. You are also able to use this feature set to schedule automatic backups.

    • Configuration File Rollback This feature allows you to restore configuration files for Apache, Pure-FTP/ProFTP, and the nameserver (named or nsd) daemons.
    • Configure Backup This feature allows you to configure how your backup files should be stored. You can configure your automatic backups, backup retention schedules, and define where the backups should be stored (locally or remotely).
    • Restore a Full Backup/cpmove File This feature will allow you to restore multiple accounts simultaneously with their most recent individual backups. It is important to remember that, for this feature to work, you should have enabled account backups on the Configure Backup page.
    • Restore Backups This feature allows you to choose a recent backup for restoring configurations and accounts. It is important to remember that, for this feature to work, you should have enabled account backups on the Configure Backup page.
    • Restore Multiple Backups This feature will allow you to restore multiple accounts simultaneously with their most recent individual backups. It is important to remember that, for this feature to work, you should have enabled account backups on the Configure Backup page.
    • Excluding Files from Backup This document explains how to exclude a file or directory from a backup.
    • Frequently Asked Questions
    • Frequently asked questions about backups.

    Cluster/Remote Access

    This area of WHM allows you to configure a number of servers to share DNS information, and to create a trust key relationship between those servers.

    • Guide to DNS Cluster Configuration (Documents the Configure Cluster screen) A DNS cluster is a number of nameservers that share records. Clustering allows you to physically separate your nameservers so that in the event of, for instance, a power outage, you still have DNS functionality. This way, visitors can reach websites on your server more quickly after the web server comes back online.
    • Setup Remote Access Key This feature can be used to generate an access key. This access key can be used for automatic account creation scripts, external billing software, and allowing servers in your DNS cluster to exchange records.

    System Reboot

    The WHM interface offers you two methods for rebooting your server. The method you should employ to reboot your server depends upon the events leading up to the reboot.
    Forceful Reboot

    This method will shut down the computer regardless of what error(s) the server has encountered. It is preferable to reboot your system using this method versus using the physical reset switch (a hard reset). However, a graceful reboot is preferable to a forceful reboot as a forceful reboot can cause data loss.
    Graceful Reboot

    These restart method is preferred to any other. This allows the server to close any user-level running processes before restarting, storing data as it does so. This reboot method will not result in data loss.
    Server Status

    This set of features allows you to access several lists to view information regarding your server. This can be helpful when troubleshooting both hardware and software issues.

    • Apache Status Apache is a web server daemon (httpd). It is responsible for responding to HTTP requests, subsequently serving a web page.
    • Daily Process Log (formerly CPU/Memory/MySQL Usage) This feature displays information about your server’s consumption of processing power and memory, averaged over the course of the selected day.
    • Server Information This feature displays information about your hardware configuration. You are able to see, for example, the speed of your processor.
    • Service Status This feature shows a list of the services you have chosen to monitor.

    Account Information

    This set of features allows you to view information about specific accounts, your accounts in general, and provides a number of configuration options.

    • List Accounts This feature will list all of the accounts hosted on your server. The interface provides a number of options for you to edit as well. For example, you can change the master password for an account, IP addresses associated with accounts, or primary contact email addresses. In order to access many of these functions you must click the edit icon.
    • List Parked Domains A parked domain is a domain that simply points to another domain. You may assign multiple domain names to point to your domain using parked domains. For example, cpanel.com is parked on cpanel.net, allowing users who type www.cpanel.com to reach cpanel.net.
    • List Subdomains Subdomains function as URLs for different sections of a website. For example, example.com may have the subdomain documents.example.com for its documentation section; this may be easier for visitors to remember than example.com/documents.
    • List Suspended Accounts This feature is a list of any suspended accounts hosted by your server. Using this list, you are able to unsuspend or terminate an account.
    • Search Accounts This feature allows you to search for accounts and access the List Accounts screen.
    • Show Accounts over Quota Accounts over quota refers to accounts using more disk space than they have been allocated by their disk space quotas. This feature is a simple list of accounts that have exceeded their quotas. Using this feature, you are able to change the quotas.
    • View Bandwidth Usage This bandwidth monitoring tool monitors traffic from HTTP (browser traffic), FTP (files transferred), SMTP (sent mail), and POP3/IMAP (received mail).

    Account Functions

    This area of the WHM interface allows you to perform several functions relating to creating and managing user accounts.

    • Change Site’s IP Address The Change Site’s IP Address feature allows you to select an account and change its IP address. This needs to be done, for example, if you would like each reseller to have a unique IP address or if you would like to host SSL sites.
    • Create a New Account This feature is essential for web hosting, as it allows you to create new cPanel accounts.
    • Disable or Enable Demo Mode This feature allows you to turn any account on your server into a demo account.
    • Email All Users This feature allows you to email every cPanel user simultaneously.
    • Force Password Change You can use this interface to force any of your users to change their password.
    • Limit Bandwidth Usage This feature allows you to change the allotted bandwidth for an account.
    • Manage Shell Access This feature allows you to manage which of your accounts are able to access your server remotely through a command line interface such as Terminal for Mac® or PuTTy for Windows®.
    • Modify an Account This feature will allow you to select and redefine an account’s settings. For example, you may want to change the account’s main domain.
    • Modify Suspended Account Page This feature, which allows you to change the page that visitors will see when attempting to visit a suspended website, has been moved to the Web Template Editor screen.
    • Password Modification This feature allows you to change passwords for any of your existing reseller or cPanel accounts.
    • Quota Modification This feature allows you to change an account’s quota. The quota is the maximum amount of disk space an account can use on your server.
    • Raw Apache Log Download This feature allows you to download raw access logs of the Apache web server’s activities. The raw access log is a plain text file that will show every connection made to a particular domain.
    • Raw FTP Log Download This feature allows you to download a raw access log detailing the FTP server’s activities. The raw access log is a plain text file that will show every connection made to a particular domain’s FTP server, including what files have been uploaded and downloaded.
    • Rearrange an Account This feature allows you to change the hard drive on which an account will be stored. This feature is only relevant to servers with more than one hard disk.
    • Reset Account Bandwidth Limit If you have changed an account’s bandwidth quota from the setting configured in the account’s package, you can use this feature to reset the account’s quota. For example, if a user’s account is assigned a package with unlimited bandwidth, but you have changed the bandwidth quota to 500MB, this feature can change it back to the package default (unlimited). This option will only appear for accounts whose bandwidth has been changed.
    • Show Active and Inactive Accounts An inactive account is an account whose domain and IP data have been removed or corrupted in the Apache configuration file ( httpd.conf). Any account with a valid Apache configuration file entry is considered active by WHM.
    • Skeleton Directory The skeleton directory exists to let you easily copy the same files into every new account’s public_html and public_ftp directories when the account is created.
    • Suspend/Unsuspend an Account This feature allows you to suspend or unsuspend an account, typically for nonpayment.
    • Terminate an Account Terminating an account will completely remove it from your server.
    • Unsuspend Bandwidth Exceeders This WHM feature allows you to simultaneously unsuspend all of the accounts that have exceeded their bandwidth. Accounts will remain unsuspended until the next bandwidth check.
    • Upgrade/Downgrade an Account This feature allows you to change an account’s package. This can be useful when a site’s popularity increases or decreases and the account’s owner wishes to change the hosting plan to better suit the new flow of traffic.
    • Web Template Editor This screen allows you to create placeholder web pages that will appear to visitors who try to access a site on your server that is suspended, has moved, has not yet been configured, or is experiencing a connection or firewall problem.


    Multi Account Functions

    This area of WHM allows you to manage multiple accounts at once.

    • Change Multiple Sites’ IP Addresses This feature allows you to change the IP addresses of multiple accounts simultaneously. This can be useful when accounts change hands between resellers.
    • Modify/Upgrade Multiple Accounts This feature will allow you to simultaneously change the attributes of multiple accounts. It is important to keep in mind that in this interface, you are changing all of the selected accounts to the same settings.
    • Terminate Multiple Accounts This feature allows you to simultaneously terminate multiple accounts. Terminating an account will completely remove it from your server.

    Install FrontPage extensions

    Installing these extensions will allow users to publish their websites through the Microsoft FrontPage application.
    Install FrontPage mail extensions

    FrontPage mail extensions allow your users to use FrontPage to set up mail forms for their websites. These forms allow visitors to send email to the website administrator.
    Uninstall FrontPage extensions

    You are able to uninstall FrontPage extensions for any of your domains.
    Transfers

    This area of WHM lets you copy move accounts from one server to another.

    • Copy an Account from Another Server This feature enables you to copy an account from a remote server to your web server. You will need to know certain information about the remote server to use this feature.
    • Copy an Account from Another Server with Account Password This feature will attempt to copy an account from a remote server without using the root account. However, this feature is only intended as a last resort. If the remote server does not have a working copy of Perl, have CGI enabled, and have an unmodified cPanel configuration, it is unlikely that the transfer will succeed. You should not attempt to transfer accounts greater than 250 Megabytes using this feature.
    • Copy Multiple Accounts/Packages from Another Server This feature will attempt to copy multiple accounts and packages from a remote server. This can be useful when a reseller would like to move a number of accounts from one server to another.
    • Review Copied Accounts This feature allows you to review any accounts that have been copied to your server.
    • The swapip Utility This utility allows you to update an IP address in a zone record via the command line using 4 parameters.

    Themes

    A theme in cPanel & WHM is, ultimately, the skeletal frame on which the style, or “skin”, is placed. This area of WHM allows you to manage cPanel themes. Note: We do not currently support custom theme or localization efforts for WHM.

    • Change WHM Theme This feature allows you to select the theme your WHM interface will use.
    • Universal Theme Manager The theme contains many underlying elements like HTML and CSS. We recommend that you use the x theme for WHM and the x3/x3mail theme for cPanel, as these are the most current themes supported by cPanel.

    Packages

    Packages are limitations on resources an account is allowed to use. For example, you may specify how much disk space an account is allotted. These limitations are bundled and saved so that they can be applied to accounts later. This streamlines setting up new accounts, since you can sell predefined packages to your cPanel account holders or resellers.

    • Add a Package This feature allows you to create a new package that can be applied to any account hosted by your server.
    • Delete a Package This feature will remove existing packages from your server. You should exercise caution when deleting packages as they cannot be recovered; you will have to recreate them. You should also ensure that the package you are about to delete is not in use by any of the accounts hosted on your server. You will not be able to remove packages that are in use.
    • Edit a Package This feature allows you to edit existing packages.
    • Feature Manager This interface allows you to edit feature lists that can be assigned to accounts. These feature lists will allow users to, or bar users from, accessing particular cPanel features.

    DNS Functions

    This area of WHM provides access to some basic functions relating to your server’s Domain Name System (DNS) data.

    • Add a DNS Zone This feature allows you to set up a DNS zone on your server. A DNS zone is an administrative space or portion of the domain name system. This space is responsible for directing traffic to the correct locations.
    • Add an A Entry for Your Hostname An “A entry”, also known as an A record or an address record, consists of data that resides in your server’s DNS zone files. The A entry matches a hostname or domain name with an IP address. Having a correct A entry is essential for allowing other computers to find your server on the Internet.
    • Delete a DNS Zone This tool allows you to delete DNS zones from your server. You may delete multiple zones at once, or delete a single zone.
    • Edit DNS Zone This feature allows you to edit the records in a domain’s DNS zone file.
    • Edit MX Entry This WHM feature lets you list destination mail servers, designating a priority value to each, 0 being the highest priority.
    • Edit Zone Templates If you have a custom DNS setup, you may wish to edit the templates that WHM and cPanel use to create DNS zone files for new domains.
    • Nameserver IPs This feature allows you to add and remove nameserver IP addresses on your server. This is useful if you need to modify the nameserver configuration you already set up using the Basic cPanel/WHM Setup screen.
    • Park a Domain A parked domain is a secondary domain that points to the user’s primary domain. When users attempt to access the parked domain, they will see the main website. For example, both http://www.cpanel.net and http://www.cpanel.com go to the same place, as cpanel.com is a parked domain for cpanel.net.
    • Perform a DNS Cleanup This function is useful if your BIND configuration file has become corrupted, or if you have duplicate nameserver configuration files which are causing DNS problems for your server.
    • Reset a DNS Zone This feature allows you to reset a selected DNS zone file to its default values.
    • Setup/Edit Domain Forwarding This feature allows you to redirect one domain to another domain. This is useful, for example, for temporarily redirecting visitors while a site is down for maintenance.
    • Synchronize DNS Records This feature is useful if you are using a DNS cluster setup, but find that some servers in the cluster are giving outdated responses to DNS queries. This feature can compare zone files among servers, recognize which are the most up-to-date, and update the servers in the cluster.
    • The swapip Utility This utility allows you to update an IP address in a zone record via the command line using 4 parameters.
    • Establish a Trust Relationship with a Primary Nameserver This area of WHM is deprecated; to configure a DNS cluster, use the Configure Cluster feature.

    SQL Services

    This section of WHM lets you manage SQL databases on your server.

    • Additional MySQL Access Hosts This feature allows your users to remotely access MySQL databases on your web server, or a remote MySQL server that you have set up using the Setup Remote MySQL Server feature.
    • Change MySQL User Password This feature allows you to change passwords for a database user. As this feature does not require the old password, this can be useful if a password is compromised or forgotten.
    • Database Map Tool This tool allows server owners to confer database ownership to cPanel users, provided the user and database already exist in the system.
    • Disable Database Prefix By default, databases are prefixed with the cPanel account’s username. This feature lets you disable database prefixing.
    • MySQL Root Password This feature allows you to set a root MySQL password. By default, no root password is set. You should ensure that a very secure password is used, because if this password were to be compromised, the attacker would have access to any database associated with your server. You will not need to remember this password unless you plan on logging into any of your databases as the root user.
    • Reset Local MySQL Root Password Using the MySQL Root Password feature, you can reset your local MySQL root password in the event that it is lost or compromised.
    • PhpMyAdmin phpMyAdmin is a MySQL database management system. It allows you to access and edit information contained within any database on your server(s). For more information, visit the PhpMyAdmin documentation wiki.
    • Repair a MySQL Database This feature will attempt fix a database that is not properly functioning by examining and repairing tables that may have been corrupted.
    • Setup Remote MySQL Server This feature allows you to place your MySQL databases on a remote server that is running MySQL. Using a separate server for MySQL can be useful for busy servers or servers with large databases, allowing you to offload MySQL-related work to the remote MySQL server.
    • Show MySQL Processes This feature is a list of any processes that are currently being run on any database on your server.
    • phpPgAdmin phpPgAdmin is a PostgreSQL database management tool. You can use the phpPgAdmin utility to access and edit information contained within any of your server’s databases. For more information, visit the phpPgAdmin documentation.
    • Restoring Database Grants Under certain conditions, users may experience difficulty accessing databases. You can learn how to resolve this issue here.

    IP Functions

    This area of WHM lets you manage IP addresses associated with your server.

    • Add a New IP Address This feature allows you to add an IP address to your IP pool. This pool will be used, for example, when you assign a static IP address to a new account.
    • Change Site’s IP Address This feature allows you to change a domain’s IP address. To use this feature, you will need to have available IP addresses in your IP address pool.
    • Configure Remote Service IPs This interface allows you to specify remote mail server and remote nameserver IP addresses.
    • IP Migration Wizard This feature will help you change the IP addresses of all of the cPanel accounts hosted by your server.
    • Rebuild the IP Address Pool This feature will scan existing IP addresses bound to the server in order to locate IP addresses not linked to a domain.
    • Show IP Address Usage This feature will display, in a convenient list, all of the information about how your IP addresses are being used.
    • Show or Delete Current IP Addresses This feature will display the IP addresses bound to your server. It will also allow you to remove these IP addresses from the server. However, you will not be able to delete an IP address that is in use.
    • Show/Edit Reserved IPs This feature allows you to reserve any IP address that is currently in your address pool.
    • The swapip Utility This utility allows you to update an IP address in a zone record via the command line using 4 parameters.

    Disk Drives

    This section of WHM allows you to partition, format, mount, and optimize hard drives that are installed on, or connected to, your server.
    Format/Mount a new Hard Drive

    This feature is useful when you are adding a new hard drive to your server, or you wish to delete the contents of a drive.
    Optimize EIDE Hard Drives

    This feature helps you improve the speed and performance of your EIDE (Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics) hard drives.
    Software

    This area of WHM helps you to manage software installed on your server.

    • Check/Repair a Perl Script This feature allows you to specify a Perl script that needs to be scanned and repaired.
    • EasyApache (Apache Update) This feature will allow you to update and reconfigure your Apache web server using a script called EasyApache (EA3).
    • Install a Perl Module A Perl module is a piece of software in the Perl programming language. Often, Perl modules are used within scripts. To properly integrate a Perl module into a script, the module will need to be retrieved from a central repository and installed on your server.
    • Install a RPM RPM stands for Red Hat Package Manager and can be used to refer to both a software format and the software packaged within the RPM itself. For more information about RPMs, you should visit http://rpm.org to view the documentation.
    • Module Installers This feature provides access to 4 interfaces for finding and installing modules for PHP, Ruby, and Perl. Often, individual modules are used within a number of scripts. To properly integrate a module into a script, the module will need to be retrieved from a central repository and installed on your server.
    • MySQL Upgrade This interface allows you to upgrade MySQL.
    • Rebuild RPM Database This feature will attempt to rebuild the RPM database if it has become corrupt.
    • Update Server Software This feature allows you to update much of the software that cPanel and WHM require to run.
    • Update System Software This feature will update any Perl modules or related packages that are required by WHM and cPanel.

    Email

    This section of WHM lets you configure and manage the ways in which your server handles email.

    • Mail Directory Conversion System This feature will convert your mail storage system from mbox to Maildir.
    • Mail Queue Manager This feature allows you to manipulate mail messages that are in queue.
    • Mail Troubleshooter This feature will access a mail routing tracer.
    • Repair Mailbox Permissions This feature will inspect mailbox ownerships and file permissions, attempting to repair any contradictions that may exist within the mail system.
    • View Mail Statistics This set of features allows you to view statistics about mail sent to and from your server over the period of time defined at the top of the screen.
    • View Relayers This feature displays a list of users who have relayed mail. Relayed mail is mail forwarded to remote accounts by user accounts hosted on your server.
    • Email Archiving This feature allows users to save incoming, outgoing, or mailing list messages for a specified amount of time. Archived messages are stored under the mail directory in the user’s home directory.

    System Health

    This section of WHM lets you view data about your server’s usage, as well as processes running on the server.

    • Background Process Killer This feature allows you to pick programs that should automatically be terminated if they are found running. After a process is killed, you will receive an email notifying you that the process that has been killed.
    • Process Manager This feature displays the processes running on your server in a table over 6 columns.
    • Show Current Disk Usage This feature displays information about how your server’s hard drive is being used.
    • Show Current Running Processes This feature displays a table of all processes running on your server.

    cPanel

    This area covers features that directly relate to your cPanel customers, under the cPanel heading in the WHM interface.

    • Addon Scripts (Deprecated) This feature allows you to install, update, and uninstall addons. Addons are applications that work with cPanel to perform useful functions for your users’ websites. However, this section of WHM is no longer supported.
    • Branding This feature allows you to change the look of your users’ cPanel interfaces by replacing the default images with your own.
    • Change Log This document provides information about the Change Log feature. This feature tracks and lists changes in our software.
    • Enable/Disable Outlook® Autoconfig This feature allows you to let your users automatically configure the Outlook and Outlook Express® email applications from the cPanel interface’s Email Accounts feature.
    • Install cPAddons This set of features allows you to add and manage addons and vendors.
    • Manage cPAddons This interface allows you to activate moderation, force cPAddon updates, and uninstall deprecated cPAddons by user.
    • Manage Plugins This document covers adding and removing plugins. Plugins are pieces of software provide additional functionality for your server.
    • Modify cPanel & WHM News This feature allows you to broadcast messages to your users and/or resellers. The messages are displayed in their cPanel or WHM interfaces.
    • Reset a Mailman Password This feature allows you to reset the main password for any mailing lists associated with your server, including the password for the Mailman mailing list software.
    • Shopping Cart Reset This feature allows you to reset the Interchange shopping cart script that has been installed by WHM/cPanel. This can be useful when the shopping cart software is not resetting by itself.
    • Synchronize FTP Passwords This feature will attempt to repair FTP password issues. You may need to synchronize your FTP passwords if you have reinstalled the FTP server software.
    • Upgrade to Latest Version This feature will allow you to update your cPanel and WHM software in accordance with the preferences you entered on the Update Config screen.

    SSL/TLS

    SSL and TLS are cryptographic schemes that allow a visitor’s web browser to communicate securely with a web server. All sensitive data (credit card numbers, login information, etc.) that is transmitted over the Internet should be protected by SSL/TLS. TLS is simply the more recent version of SSL. This area of WHM allows you to perform several functions to help secure your server.

    • Introduction to SSL/TLS This document explains the basic concepts of SSL/TLS.
    • Generate a SSL Certificate and Signing Request WHM allows you to generate an SSL certificate for your website. The function will also generate a corresponding private key and certificate signing request (CSR).
    • Install a SSL Certificate and Setup the Domain When you use this feature, WHM will automatically install your SSL certificate and private key in the correct directories. You may either paste the certificate and key into the fields on the screen yourself, or allow WHM to retrieve them.
    • Manage SSL Hosts This area of WHM lets you share SSL certificates, and manage certificates by domain and user.
    • Purchase and Install SSL Certificate This feature will allow you to purchase an SSL certificate for installation directly from WHM. Currently, Trustwave® is the only the certificate authority that you can purchase from using this method.
    • SSL Key/Crt Manager This feature lets you view all of the keys and certificates installed on your server. The SSL Key/Crt Manager table displays each key, certificate signing request (CSR), and certificate on your server.

    Restart Services

    Using this feature, you can restart a service (usually a daemon) on your web server. Daemons are small processes that run in the background of your server.

    ویرایش توسط Kian : January 25th, 2013 در ساعت 20:43
    باران که می بارد تو می آیی --*-- باران گل، باران نیلوفر
    باران مهر و ماه و آئینه --*-- باران شعر و شبنم و شبدر

  10. تعداد تشکر ها از Kian به دلیل پست مفید


  11. #7
    عضو انجمن Kian آواتار ها
    تاریخ عضویت
    Jan 2011
    محل سکونت
    Net
    نوشته ها
    324
    تشکر تشکر کرده 
    672
    تشکر تشکر شده 
    524
    تشکر شده در
    340 پست

    پیش فرض پاسخ : مطالب مقدماتی درباره ی راه اندازی یک سرور لینوکس

    cPanel Features

    Storage Space/Disk Space
    cPanel & WHM allows you to create hosting plans that allocate how much disk space each hosting plan is allocated

    • Bandwidth cPanel & WHM allows you to create hosting plans that allocate how much bandwidth each hosting plan is allocated.
    • Domain Management Allow clients to host either a single domain or multiple domains per accounts. Multi-Domain hosting allows unique domains to be parked on top of the primary domain or pointed to a specific folder.
    • Sub-Domain Management Allow hosting clients to create variations of their primary domain name. Example: store.yourdomain.com, portal.yourdomain.com, blog.yourdomain.com
    • POP3/IMAP Accounts Allow hosting clients create and manage their own POP3/IMAP email accounts. cPanel & WHM provides the ability to create these accounts.
    • Mail Client Configuration When you access an email account through a desktop email application such as Outlook® Express®, the email application will require specific information about your email account. You can use the auto-configure options below to attempt to automatically configure your email application. If the available options are not compatible with your application, you will need to use the Manual Settings information.
    • Forwards and Aliases Create forwards and aliases so they are mapped out to another email address, application or external email address.
    • Autoresponders Both web site owners and email owners can create and manage auto responders.
    • Account Level Filtering Account Level Filters allow you to control granular aspects of your email and apply rules to inbound email.
    • Spam Assassin Spam Assasin is a free of charge anti-spam tool that helps reduce the number of unsolicited emails.
    • BoxTrapper BoxTrapper protects your inbox from spam by requiring all email senders not on your Whitelist reply to a verification email before you can receive their mail.
    • Mailing Lists (Mailman, Mailman, the GNU Mailing List Manager) Mailing lists can simplify sending messages to a large group of people. You can add a group of email addresses to a mailing list to avoid typing those addresses each time you send a message. This can be very useful when sending newsletters or other updates to large groups of people.
    • Webmail Featuring: Horde, RoundCube, SquirrelMail Webmail allows you to access your email from any computer with an Internet connection and a web browser. Please make sure to log out when checking your email on public computers so that other people cannot read your email.
    • Delivery Reports
    • Email Delivery Route
    • Email Authentication – Featuring: SPF and DKIM Email authentication is the effort to equip messages of the email transport system with enough verifiable information, so that recipients can recognize the nature of each incoming message automatically. Enabling email authentication will help fight the spread of spam. Both of the methods below work to prevent forged mail from going in and out of your server. The great benefit of enabling these methods is to prevent mail from looking like it is coming from your domain(s). When enabled, these methods should reduce the amount of bounce messages or unwanted emails received when spammers “spoof” one or more of your email addresses.
    • MX Record An MX (mail exchanger) entry tells a client which server receives mail sent to a domain name. Hosting clients have the ability to control this.
    • Mass Email Account creation This feature allows you to use 2 types of files to create multiple email address or email forwarders for your account simultaneously. You may use Excel spreadsheet files (.xls) or comma-separated values sheet, aka CSV file (.csv) to import the data. A CSV file is a plain text file that has been given a .csv extension.

    Database Administration

    • mySQL 4, 5 w/phpMyAdmin Easily create databases, users and control permissions for mySQL
      Create forwards and aliases so they are mapped out to another email address, application or external email address.
    • PostgresSQL w/phpPgAdmin Easily create databases, users and control permissions for PostgreSQL.
      PostgreSQL Databases allow you to store lots of information in an easy to access manner. The databases themselves are not easily read by humans. PostgreSQL databases are required by many web applications including some bulletin boards, content management systems, and others. To use a database, you’ll need to create it. Only PostgreSQL Users (different than mail or other users) that have privileges to access a database can read from or write to that database.
    • Remote mySQL Control You can allow external web servers to access your MySQL databases by adding their domain name to the list of hosts that are able to access databases on your web site.


    Statistics

    • Website Stats Webalizer compiles and analyzes information about your web traffic
    • Logaholic Stats This allows you to view how visitros are accessing your site.
    • Analog Stats This feature allows you to analyze website traffic.
    • Raw Access Logs This feature allows you to see what content has been accessed on your website.
    • Bandwidth Stats This feature allows you to see how your bandwidth is being used.
    • File Management The File Manager is cPanel’s built-in web application for managing and manipulating your website’s files from your personal computer.
    • FTP FTP accounts allow you to access your website’s files through a protocol called FTP. You will need a third-party FTP program to access your files. You can log into via FTP by entering
    • Anonymous FTP Controls You can allow users to connect to your anonymous FTP directory without a password. This may be useful for making files publicly available for download. Please note that allowing anonymous users to access any part of your system may be considered a security hole.
    • WebDisk The Web Disk feature is cPanel’s implementation of the WebDav protocol. This feature allows you to manage files associated with your website. By creating an account and accessing your Web Disk, you can navigate, upload, and download files to and from your web server as though they were part of your personal computer.
    • File Manager Access your web hosting account via cPanel & WHM’s file manager. This is an online web based file manager.
    • Backups Backups allow you to download (to your computer) a zipped copy of either your entire site (including your home directory, databases, email forwarders configuration, and email filters configuration) or one of the previously mentioned parts of your site. These are not automatically scheduled backups. Automatically scheduled backups need to be enabled by the server owner/administrator.
    • Disk Space Usage The cPanel Disk Usage Viewer provides an overview of the disk space that your account is using. It shows disk usage totals for your account’s directories and all of its databases rather than for individual files or databases. Use the File Manager to see disk usage data for individual files, and the MySQL and PostgreSQL main pages to see data for individual databases.
    • Custom Errors Pages – 404’s, 401’s, 503’s and more Control error messages as they are seen by your website visitors

    Advanced Features

    • PHP
    • PERL
    • Perl Module Installer Perl modules are collections of functions that allow you to perform tasks in Perl. You will need to install a Perl module before you can use it inside a Perl program.
    • Ruby on Rails with RubyGems Adds support for Ruby modules
    • Python Adds support for custom python
    • JSP/Tomcat Adds support for JSP/Tomcat
    • Cron Jobs Create and manage scheduled tasks

    Security

    Password Protect Directories This feature allows you to restrict access to certain parts of your website.

    • IP Denial This feature is capable of blocking a single IP address or a range of IP addresses.
    • SSL/TLS Management This feature allows you to manage SSL/TLS keys, certificates, and signing requests. These features are intended to make your website more secure.
    • SSH/Shell Access These features allow you to connect to your server remotely.
    • Hotlink Protection These features allow you to prevent other websites from stealing bandwidth.
    • Leech Protection These features allow you to prevent users from sharing passwords publicly.
    • GnuPG keys These features allow create and manage GnuPG keys, that use the “public key approach” to encryption.



    باران که می بارد تو می آیی --*-- باران گل، باران نیلوفر
    باران مهر و ماه و آئینه --*-- باران شعر و شبنم و شبدر

  12. تعداد تشکر ها از Kian به دلیل پست مفید


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